健康报数字版-尊龙平台登录
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当前期 发行日期:2021年06月17日, 期刊号:第 23 期
健康报数字版-尊龙平台登录
本报讯 (记者吴卫红)近日,由国家卫生健康委能力建设和继续教育中心组织编写的《糖尿病患者合并心血管疾病诊治专家共识》(以下简称《共识》)在京发布。
《共识》建议2型糖尿病合并心血管疾病的患者,增加全谷物、杂粮、杂豆和薯类的摄入,游离糖的摄入不超过总能量的10%;脂肪提供的能量占20%~30%,饱和脂肪酸摄入量不超过饮食总能量的7%;蛋白质的摄入量占供能比的15%~20%。每天钠盐摄入量不高于6克,适当补钾。每周做与心肺功能相匹配的运动5次,每次至少30分钟。如无禁忌证,每周最好进行2~3次抗阻运动(两次锻炼间隔大于等于48小时)。中老年患者要根据身体状况坚持进行身体活动,避免久坐不动。在空腹血糖大于16.7毫摩尔每升、反复低血糖或血糖波动较大、有糖尿病酮症酸中毒等急性代谢并发症、合并急性感染、增殖性视网膜病变、严重肾病、严重心脑血管疾病等情况下,禁止运动。戒烟,减少被动吸烟。限制酒精摄入,男性每日饮用酒精量小于25克,女性每日饮用酒精量小于15克,每周不超过2次。维持理想体重指数,纠正腹型肥胖。超重/肥胖患者3~6个月减少初始体重的5%~10%,消瘦者应通过合理的营养计划达到并长期维持理想体重。保持乐观和积极的生活态度有助于降低冠心病的发病和死亡。